Intra Organization and Power Bargaining Model Essay Example for Free

Intra Organization and Power Bargaining Model Essay Intra organization is a key factor to the beginning stages of how successful a bargaining unit will be in negotiations. Intra organization is when each respective in a particular bargaining unit works towards a consensus. The inability to agree within ones bargaining unit slows down the process and can create dysfunction. Negotiating starts within each bargaining unit during pre-bargaining preparation. This is where discussion and negotiations begin within each bargaining unit to decide what is most important to least importance. Once the pre-bargaining preparation process is complete, the bargaining unit is ready to negotiate against the other bargaining unit. There were many forces that impacted our Intra-organizational bargaining. First we all had our individual perception on what was most important and what was least important. This had a lot to do with our personalities, attitudes, values and beliefs. For example, depending on our personalities, those who were shy didn’t get to fully express how they felt about their issue. On the other hand those in the bargaining unit who were out spoken would make it a point to not let up and fight for their concerns. Our bargaining unit had a variety of issues we wanted to push to get into the contract. We had to decide what we considered a must haves and what can be used as a bargaining chips. Discussions continued until we all had a good idea where our stance was as a bargaining unit with each issue. The end result of our intra-organization bargaining was difficult but successful. We were able to agree on what issues were most and least important to our bargaining members. We had a few bargaining representatives who were concerned with subcontracting and their job security. Then we have other members who felt subcontracting was irrelevant but having a flexible schedule was above all else. My concern was to allow management to keep their managing power in order to continue to be strong in this competitive market. I needed innovative ideas to create progress within the company, while building opportunity for our members. We agreed that machinist would get a 6% increase and nothing less. We wanted a wage increase across the board for all employees, but our team agreed if we can give employees other benefits outside of pay increase; we would still be in good stance. We understood that we should negotiate taking subcontracting out of the contract, and use it as a bargaining chip. While understanding that our bottom line in regards to subcontracting was the language; we wanted to make sure management doesn’t have full reigns. We would allow management the option to subcontract but at the same time put limitations to subcontracting with the language used in the contract. As a bargaining unit we knew that changing and adding into the contract different aspects such as, flexible schedules, use of vacation, adding health and safety and an apprentice program would help our overall contract negotiation process. Bargaining Power Model Bargaining Power Model a is held by both parties during negotiation process. Its Another important concept is the Bargaining Power Model. Both Union and Management have agreement and disagreement costs. Unions lower managements bargaining power when they receive financial supplements. On the other hand managements disagreements cost can decrease with the lack of need when it comes to employees. Unions and managements bargaining power can change from one day to the next. Incidents such as inventory, supply and demand, wage-price controls, economic changes along with social changes have major influences in the bargaining power model. Under the power bargaining model there are two major assumptions. The first being that â€Å"union and mangament negotiators cost issues in a similar manner and are rational individuals, and if it cost more for a party to disagree than to agree with the other, then the party will agree to the other party’s proposal. (labor relations process) As the union bargaining unit we have decieded to negotiate a win win bargaining strategy or also refered to Mutual gain bargaining. This strategy is used whern both partys negotiate in away where both needs are displayed and honesty takes the leading roll in negotiations. This strategy seemed to work well with our negotiation process considering we were able to pin point wehre we saw a common ground and dominate those areas. On the other hand we understood what was important to management and see what we can use to lower the cost of agreeing with management on specified issues. e understood that we have a lot of bargaining power considering 95% of employees are in the Union. We put that into consideration as we decided what it was we were going to negotiate and what type of resilience we were going to set for each issue. My Union bargaining member profile was Union International Representative. I had to be sure to negotiate a win-win contract. I wanted to make sure management kept their administrative rights, while implementing new programs to keep union bargaining members happy. My main objective was to make sure it was clear that a great contract is when both parties bargain in good faith. Showing to the members of the union that management is working with the and both parties want to make positive changes within the company for all employees. Implementing new programs such as apprenticeship along with health and safety article will bring positive reinforcement to union members and all members. This helped us come up with strategies to bargain an all-around good contract.

Justice and Social Order in The Oresteia Essay -- Aeschylus Oresteia

Justice and Social Order in The Oresteia  Ã‚   Democracy, emerging in the city-state of Athens, allowed unprecedented power to her citizens. Among these new powers was the ability to legislate. Yet, legislation was not without its problems. First the citizens must agree upon what is just and unjust, and then enforce the law by bringing the unjust to reconcile their guilt with the public through trial, and finally dispense the appropriate penalty. This evolution was not without concern. The Greeks were attempting to establish a governmental system which would span the middle ground between anarchy and despotism. By the crimes played out in Aeschylus' tragic trilogy The Oresteia, Aeschylus demonstrates the contrast between anarchy and despotism, and judges them both guilty. Indeed he shows, by the end of the play, that the only way man can be absolved of guilt is by joining leagues with the gods in a united effort to promote justice. His premise is supported by sequentially following the criminal legacy of the house of Atreus, and showing that the curse of continued injustice can only be ended by the cooperative effort of man and god. Aeschylus draws his contrast between anarchy and despotism through the main characters in the play. First Atreus, the father of Agamemnon, though never appearing himself in the trilogy is a central figure and the vehicle by which the curse is introduced. His crime is that of anarchy. Second, Agamemnon returns from Troy with the blood guilt of despotism. Next, Clytemnestra, Agamemnon's queen, represents a mixture of the two evils in that she portrays a self-serving ruler. Finally Orestes, son of Agamemnon, is introduced as a pious man who allows his fate to be determined by the gods in conjuncti... ... of the trilogy it was demonstrated the power that democracy wielded. It was able to eliminate anarchy and despotism by the middle ground. Although this had previously been the role of the Erinyes (Eu., ln.526-30), they had through the play proven themselves unsuccessful. Thus at the end of the Eumenides, Aeschylus has the Furies relinquish governance of the city to the citizens, and bestow honor on the people (Eu., ln.1016-20). Therefore Aeschylus demonstrated that democracy allowed for the union between man and gods that neither anarchy or despotism could achieve. Moreover, it was only through this union that justice could be served and the ancient laws and ways could be overturned. With this new social order, man celebrated unprecedented equality, honor and prosperity Works Cited: Aeschylus. Oresteia. Trans. Peter Meineck. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1998.

My Life had stood †a Loaded Gun Essay

Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun† is a powerful poem that takes into account various thematic expressions. Its comprehensiveness in brevity is another essential feature of this poem. It symbolizes power and unconventional feminist urges on the art of the poetess. In this poem, Emily Dickinson finds an instrument adequate enough to render her need for fulfillment through absolute commitment to love’s service. The poem begins with a brilliant conceit. Fused from the ambiguous abstraction of life and the explicit concretion of loaded gun, it expresses the charged potential of the human being who remains dormant until â€Å"identified† into a conscious vitality. And after hat identification, we observe the start of a new poem i. e. the start of a new life. Historically, it was written in age when American society was torn with civil war. The symbol that Emily Dickenson has used is an essence of an experience. It is quite obvious that a universal insight that the poet tries to express in not obtained merely by imaginative wandering, it is based on concrete experiences. Emily Dickinson presents the same insight into the historical experiences of her time. The very first stanza symbolizes the paradox of finding oneself through losing oneself. It is rendered in the poem by one word: identity is claimed when someone claimed the gun as her own. The American civil war was also the process of finding ones own identity by losing ones own identity. The internal rivalries and petty identities were to be removed to achieve a national reconciliation. This national reconciliation ultimately brought the national identity. Although this process was on halt and stayed â€Å"in corners† for many decades till a day came. Now they â€Å"roam in Sovereign Woods†. So Emily Dickinson has epitomized a national experience. Now this â€Å"gun† is â€Å"foe of His – I’m deadly foe†. â€Å"His can be described in various connotations. â€Å"His† is emblem of nation state that is fully sovereign. â€Å"His† is an integrated society or the one who longs to be integrated after the pathos and miseries of Civil war. Poetess further emphasize that â€Å"None stir the second time -/ whom I lay a Yellow Eye -/ an emphatic Thumb†. All these gestures are for those who are internal or external antagonists to the new national experience. This poem has also captivated the feminist attention who has given it a new evaluative dimension. Some critics are of the view that thorough this poem, Emily has tried to present a woman that she was not primarily in the second half of the 19th century whereas other feminist critics holds the view that poem totally negates the feminine qualities and the main metaphor considers â€Å"everything [that]†woman† is not: cruel not pleasant, hard not soft, emphatic not weak, one who kills not one who nurtures. † (Bennet, 1986) But Emily Dickinson has provided a framework of power i. e. feminine power and established certain pattern on which women power can grow and has shown certain direction where women power can direct itself. It must be kept in mind that all the action verbs in the poem are not destructive or of insidious nature. It expresses powers to â€Å"hunt† â€Å"speak† â€Å"smile† â€Å"guard† and â€Å"kill†. So this power has paradoxical nature and a balance mix of these powers is necessary as shown and done by Emily Dickinson. Furthermore, Miss Dickinson does show a longing for deadliness but in actuality it is only for safeguarding. Wrath is a part of her being but she does not let it go if not invoked or incited. So her aggression and anger and the consequences as a result of it (killing and deaths) are not unwomanly but are an extension of her very personality. These feelings are not uncommon but are surely unpredictable. In the second half of the poem, she is only providing guard to one who has helped her to get rid of her alienation and had blessed her with intimacy. Here Emily Dickinson seems conventional in her feminist approach that a woman can do everything unwomanly for the one who is her companion in true sense of the word. Christine Miller (1987) says in this regard that â€Å"In the second instance, the speaker prefers guarding the master to having shared his pillow, that is, to having shared intimacy with him–primarily sexual, one would guess from the general structure of the poem. † On the other hand, this poem expresses the agonies of a female poet that was restricted by her family and society to a narrow life devoid of any intellectual and/or literary independence. These social and familial compulsion produced rashness in Emily’s attitude. She was forced to produce art in seclusion and to it keep to herself only. So language becomes her only mean and tool to bear the torments of her intellectual beings. She embodies language as gun and is of the view that this loaded gun accompanied with her literary beings is fatal for socio-cultural compulsion against women. It provided her a sense of power and control. She further eulogizes language and considers it a safeguard to her literary being. And her language is enemy to al those traditions, norms, people and things who are against her poetical endeavors. This poem can further illustrate the conflicts between two classes with their interest. Although this conflict is not materialistic or monetary but it exists in the socio-cultural domain. One class adheres to the conventions and does not allow female members to express their view on any issue especially in the form of poetry whereas other lass are comprised of the intellectual beings who consider it their right to create and disseminate their thoughts and ideas in the literary form. This poem symbolizes the struggle of the latter class and demonstrates that they are more powerful than the convention-ridden society. The poem starts with an individual quest for his/her identity but it changed into a capitalized â€Å"We†. Now the concern of the poetess is no more individualistic and sentimental, rather it has been transformed into something collective, societal and concrete. The identities have been mingled up with each other. Both owner and the â€Å"owned† perform the same masculine activities. They are no more individual but become a part of the larger whole i. e. society. Overall the poem captures a variety of themes through various thematic expressions. Although the conclusion is disturbing but it has relevance to the thematic expressions as it tries to resolve the problem initiated in the first half. Powerlessness or even fear of that is death to the poetess has no other option but â€Å"to die† without powerlessness. Last stanza is not a moralistic commentary but is identification of a wider truth. Bennett, Paula. My Life a Loaded Gun: Dickinson, Plath, Rich, and Female Creativity. Boston: Beacon Press. 1986. Gilbert, Sandra M & Gubar, Susan. The madwoman in the attic: the woman writer and the nineteenth-century literary imagination. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1979. Miller, Christanne. Emily Dickinson, a poet’s grammar. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press. 1987. Smith, Martha Nell & Loeffelholz, Mary. A companion to Emily Dickinson. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pubishers. 2008.

Review On The Kite Runner Book - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 774 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/06/24 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Kite Runner Essay Did you like this example? The book I am reviewing is The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. Mr. Hosseini, an Afghan native, is a doctor-turned-writer who currently resides in California. He has written three novels, all of which feature Afghanistan as a country in some way and an Afghan native as the main character. All three novels spent time as New York Times bestsellers, although The Kite Runner, his first novel, is still possibly the best-known book. This book follows the life of a certain Amir, from his childhood through to adulthood. The book is split into three parts. The first part covers Amirrs childhood in Kabul, Afghanistan, and the events that transpired there with his friend Hassan. Part two then goes on to cover Amir and his fatherrs exodus from Afghanistan after the communist takeover and their new life in the United States. The final part of the book shows Amir returning to Afghanistan at the behest of an old family friend. It is a politically charged book telling a compelling redemption story. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Review On The Kite Runner Book" essay for you Create order Although it is fiction, The Kite Runner gives an accurate and detailed description of Afghanistan. It depicts the early days of modern Afghanistan, the book starts on the day the king is overthrown and a republic is declared, as well as some of the communist era, and it even shows some of Afghanistan in a more present-day light. This book might be a fictional drama, but the setting is historically accurate making this a tool for anyone attempting to study and understand not just Afghanistan, but the present-day Middle East and Central Asia as a whole. Foremost on my mind is this books main focus. I have heard/read it called a political commentary a few times, both by personal friends as well as from my teachers in school. It is easy to see where this point is reached. Throughout the story, Amir talks of the situation in Afghanistan, sometimes even giving in-depth explanations. Moreover, story itself shows instances of life in that part of the world, like when the soldiers mocked Hassan. The author goes through great lengths to make the reader empathize not just with important characters but also with short-lived supporting characters, such as the young woman the Russian soldier wanted (or even the soldier himself). The Kite Runner is full of reasons why it mainly is a political commentary on Afghanistan. In spite of this, I would argue that this is not the main purpose of the book, though it certainly could be one of them. I believe that this story is meant to be a father-son story. Through out the book, Amir is constantly referencing his father. This may seem fairly normal, and honestly it is. After all, what boy does not look up to their father (for the most part)? Still, in this case, there might be more to it. Historically speaking, Eurasian societies have always been mainly patriarchal, and in such societies, the eldest son held an important place after the father. The eldest son carried the family name after his father would pass away, therefore he would be the main inheritor of the family estate. These traditions are still strictly upheld in certain parts of the world today, Afghanistan being one such place. In the book, we know that Amirrs father is either rich or extremely well off. Yet he never sends Amir away. He shows frustration, and sometimes it even seems more like disgust or disdain, towards his son. Still, he always keeps him close, empathizing with Amir both in moments of sadness and happiness. In short, the reader is shown how strong a nd deep their bond as father-son is, in turn showing the lengths they would go through for each other. In addition, we also see Amir as he struggles to keep Hassanrs son in his attempts to keep him as his own. At the beginning of this review, I called The Kite Runner a redemption story, and it really is! Amirrs redemption comes when he chooses to become a father. Overall, The Kite Runner is a great book for many reasons. It accurately depicts the setting and events that the story is a part off. The characters are developed and engaging individuals whom, even if you are not rooting for them, you can still empathize with. We are able to see the world and political climate from where Amir originates. Still, through all this, the presence of Amirrs father and even Amirrs own decisions show how a fatherrs love is so important though out this book. The father-son relationship definitely is one of, if not the most, powerful driving force in The Kite Runner.